Kumar, Jagapthal Vinod and Porathur, John Loui and Kolikipogu, Nageswara Rao (2026) Optimal Stoping Sequence for Underhand Mining: A Comparative Analysis of Cemented Paste fill Stope Back Stability. Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration , 43. pp. 2715-2733.

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Abstract

An appropriate stoping sequence is crucial in underhand mining to maintain stope stability, reduce displacement, limit stress buildup, and enhance ore recovery. This study examines four stoping sequences continuous, inverted pyramid, primary–secondary, and double inverted pyramid to evaluate their effects on the stability of cemented paste fill (CPF) stope backs. A parametric analysis was conducted to assess the influence of key factors, including plug height, rock mass deformation modulus, and mining depth, on CPF performance. A total of 144 numerical models were developed using FLAC3D continuum modelling, incorporating the Mohr–Coulomb elasto-plastic model to evaluate CPF deformation and failure mechanisms. A comparative analysis was performed based on induced displacements in the CPF stope back, stresses developed within the paste fill plug, yielding in the CPF stope back, and the stability of adjacent stoping blocks. Statistical analysis using ANOVA was employed to interpret the modelling results and identify the most effective stoping sequence. Based on extensive numerical modelling and statistical evaluation, the inverted pyramid sequence is identified as the most suitable stoping sequence for underhand mining. This conclusion is supported by validation of the numerical results with field observations obtained from total earth pressure cells (TEPC) and multi-point borehole extensometers (MPBX). The close agreement between field measurements and numerical results demonstrates the reliability of the modelling approach. However, further field-scale implementation is recommended to strengthen the findings regarding the optimal stoping sequence. Overall, the results contribute to the optimization of stoping strategies, improvement of stope stability, and enhancement of overall mining efficiency.

Item Type:	Article
Subjects:	Bord and Pillar Mining
Divisions:	UNSPECIFIED
Depositing User:	Mr. B. R. Panduranga
Date Deposited:	07 Jul 2026 05:50
Last Modified:	07 Jul 2026 05:50
URI:	https://cimfr.csircentral.net/id/eprint/3046

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