Paul, Avinash and Prakash, Amar and Singh, Ajoy Kumar (2025) Seismic interpretation for comprehending rock characteristics in underground coal mines – some investigations. Journal of Earth System Science, 134. ISSN 0253-4126

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Abstract

Proper scaling of roof falls in underground coal mines demands both extensive experience and skilled techniques. Roof falls are responsible for approximately 40% of mining fatalities. There are several causes for the triggering of roof falls, such as laminated strata, slip planes in the roof, moist roof conditions and clay bands, etc. However, the primary contributors are thin-layered strata and the plane of weaknesses present in the development galleries. The roof fall becomes even more hazardous in wide gallery openings and where there is a time lag in supporting the exposed strata. For the past 30 years, the CMRI-ISM RMR classification system has been extensively employed in underground coal mines to evaluate roof conditions and devise suitable support systems for both development and depillaring headings. Even though it is a very well-proven method of support design, it can be challenging at times to assess the risk of roof fall due to the lack of information on roof rocks. Detecting rock mass conditions at shallow depths can be made easier with the seismic refraction technique. The main objective is to acquire a better understanding of the roof condition affected due to solid blasting during the development of galleries, stress release through delamination, and the presence of weak zones in the coal mine roof. In this study, the P-wave velocity was determined along the gallery roof for different layer thickness, uniaxial compressive strength, structural features, density, and groundwater condition, and a relationship was developed. The roof condition was further correlated with respect to roof fall height, and a relationship was framed between P-wave velocity and roof fall height, and also between P-wave velocity and depth of the damage in the mine roof. If the roof fall height and depth of damage are known, the support design can be done accordingly to restrict the occurrence of roof falls. Support design nomogram with roof bolts was also suggested based on P-wave velocity. The outcome of this seismic study also aids in deciding site-specific support design.

Item Type:	Article
Subjects:	Mine Subsidence
Divisions:	UNSPECIFIED
Depositing User:	Mr. B. R. Panduranga
Date Deposited:	15 Jul 2025 04:13
Last Modified:	15 Jul 2025 04:13
URI:	http://cimfr.csircentral.net/id/eprint/2844

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