Raina, Avtar K. and Bhatawdekar, Ramesh Murlidhar (2022) Blast-induced flyrock: risk evaluation and management. In: Risk, Reliability and Sustainable Remediation in the Field of Civil and Environmental Engineering. Elsevier, pp. 209-247. ISBN 978-0-323-85698-0

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Abstract

Blasting is an integral unit operation of the Mine-Mill Fragmentation System and is a predominant method of rock breakage in mining and civil excavations. Blast sizes in terms of number of holes per blast range from few small diameter holes with small quantity of explosive in civil excavations to hundreds of large diameter holes with tonnes of explosives in large opencast mines. While only 20%–25% of the available explosive energy is used for fragmentation and throw, the rest of energy is manifested in unwanted effect. Optimum fragmentation and throw are inherent to blasting that are desired, while as undesired effects like ground vibration, air overpressure, fumes, and flyrock are undesired that need to be controlled. Flyrock, the subject of this chapter, is an unwanted throw of individual rock fragments that travel beyond the projected distances from the blast face and have a capability to damage structures and even cause fatalities. There have been several attempts by researchers to define the safety of blasting with respect to flyrock. One of the methods adopted for this is Risk Analysis. Risk can be defined in terms of probabilities of flyrock occurrence and the cost of damage that can occur due to a flyrock incident. The probabilities of flyrock further present a matrix of probabilities and can be defined to a better degree of reliability. However, the cost of damage due to flyrock is a very subjective matter, particularly, in case of fatalities. Such issues can be solved by adopting different methods like rules for safety or unsafe conditions. This chapter will discuss the intricacies of flyrock risk assessment while reviewing the existing state of the art and lay foundations for future research possibilities to address flyrock in detail. A new concept of Risk Management for flyrock prevention has been introduced here.

Item Type:	Book Section
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Civil Fly rock Mining Probabilities Risk assessment Risk management Surface blasting
Subjects:	Blasting
Divisions:	UNSPECIFIED
Depositing User:	Mr. B. R. Panduranga
Date Deposited:	10 Jun 2022 09:09
Last Modified:	10 Jun 2022 09:09
URI:	http://cimfr.csircentral.net/id/eprint/2506

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