Gopinathan, P. (2025) Global distribution and sources of uranium and fluoride in groundwater: A comprehensive review. Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 270.

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Abstract

Contamination of elements in water due to geogenic and anthropogenic activities is common around the world. Intake of contaminated water causes severe health hazards to the living community. To avoid the health hazards, World Health Organisation (WHO) has specified certain limit of the level of elements as well as ions present in the water for drinking purpose. Some common chemical contaminates in the groundwater are Uranium (U) and Fluoride (Fˉ). The intake of groundwater which is having excess amount of Uranium (U) and Fluoride (Fˉ) may lead to serious health issues. The permissible level of Uranium in water as is 30 ppb as per WHO, but in some regions due to the rock type, mining activity, chemical waste; the level of U present in water might be higher than the prescribed limit and its consumption may cause carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic diseases. As like Uranium, Fluoride has certain limit fixed by WHO that is 1.5 ppm. If the level of Fˉ is higher than 1.5 ppm it may cause dental fluorosis and skeletal fluorosis. To reduce the health risks due to intake of the elements or ions, the contaminated groundwater needs to be monitored and treated by means of constructing artificial recharge structures and other rainwater harvesting methods. However, certain ex-situ processes like membrane method, ion exchange, adsorption, and precipitation may be adopted to reduce or remove the contaminated elements/ions in the groundwater.

Item Type:	Article
Subjects:	Chemicals and Liquid Fuels
Divisions:	UNSPECIFIED
Depositing User:	Mr. B. R. Panduranga
Date Deposited:	16 Apr 2025 04:43
Last Modified:	16 Apr 2025 04:43
URI:	http://cimfr.csircentral.net/id/eprint/2777

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